Trailer Wiring Guide for Trailers and Trucks

Trailers generally come with a 4 or 5 wire flatCheck the simple things first if all lights act strangely.
connector or a seven wire round connector. If your
trailer has an electrical wiring connector this does NOT1. Check the wiring connector between tow vehicle
mean your trailer has electric brakes. Electric brakesand trailer. Clean the exposed connectors with a fine
are a separate connection.sand paper or steel wool. Make sure wires have not
The purpose of the wiring connection is to match thebeen cut or scrapped on the pavement.
action of the lights on the tow vehicle to the trailer2. Check the ground wire from the connector to the
lights. This includes the running (night) lights, emergencytrailer. This wire cannot just be wedged under the
flashers, turn signals and brake lights. A four wirecoupler lip. The wire has to be against clean bare
connector contains a ground wire (connected to themetal, with a screw or bolt attaching it to the frame.
trailer frame), running light wire (goes to both right andPreferably a separate drilled hole in the frame for this
left trailer lights) and turn signal/brake light wire for rightconnection.
and left lights.3. If only one light is acting up, check the bulb first for
If you have a five wire connector, the 5th wire is usedproper connection, Carefully remove the bulb and clean
for an electrical solenoid on a hydraulic actuator usedthe connectors on the back of the bulb and inside the
to stop the brake when backing up. This arelight housing. Check the ground to the frame. This can
commonly called a "back up solenoid", "reverse flowbe a short wire of just the bolts holding the light to the
solenoid" or "stop flow solenoid". The fifth wire fromtrailer frame.
the tow vehicle is connected to the reverse lights of4. If you have a long bell wire or similar, you can check
the tow vehicle. This activates the solenoid when thethe ground at each light. Attach an alligator clip at each
vehicle is placed in reverse.end of a wire that is long enough to go from the tow
Most trailer light problems stem from a bad groundvehicle to the end of the trailer. Connect one end of
connection between the tow vehicle and the trailer.the wire to the vehicle frame, making sure to get a
Since there is not a ground wire going back to eachgood connection to bare metal. Connect the other end
light (very few trailer manufacturers add additionalto the ground on the light. Compare results. If the light
grounding wires), the proper ground for each light isworks better, that is the most likely spot where the
dependent on the wiring ground from the vehicle to theground connection is bad.
trailer and the ground connection at every light.5. If your lights flash rapidly and not a full brightness,
Indicators that you have a bad ground connection are:you may need a new flasher in the tow vehicle.
Consult with a local auto parts store to replace the
1. Weak or dim trailer lightsexisting flasher with a HD model.
2. Opposite light dimming when turn signal is onRemember, your trailer lights tell the traffic around you
3. Running lights go dark when turn signal is onwhat you are doing. Improperly working lights are a
4. All lights dim and lightly blink when turn signal is onhazard to you and everyone driving around you.