Fifth-Wheel or Bumper Pull?

For many RV'ers, this question is a burning issue. Forfeet of living space. The rest of the length is the
others, it isn't even on the horizon. It all depends ontongue sticking out in front of the trailer. As for overall
what kind of RV you're in and what you'd like to movelength of the truck and trailer, that whole 30 feet is
into.added to the length of the truck.
For example, I've been towing travel trailers for severalA fifth-wheel uses the length more efficiently. A
years. What is my next RV going to be? I'm planning30-foot fifth-wheel will, in most cases, give you about
to get a fifth-wheel toy hauler. Why? I want the toy30 feet of living space. Because the hitch is over the
hauler for the flexibility in the ways I can use it. I wantrear axle of the truck, the amount of trailer hanging out
the fifth-wheel version because of the floor plansbehind the truck will be more like 24-25 feet. The
which are not available in the bumper pulls. But, that'scombined length of the truck and trailer will be 8-10
just me. This article is about what you want.feet shorter for the same amount of living space.
By the way, the descriptive terms you'll hear can beMost of the fifth-wheel trailers require at least a 3
confusing. A fifth-wheel is a fifth-wheel. That's what4-ton truck as a tow vehicle. Most of the bumper pull's
people call it. On the other hand, there isn't onecan be handled safely by a 1/2-ton truck. The main
standardized term for the others. You'll hear peoplereason for that is the amount of weight placed on the
refer to them as, "travel trailers," "bumper pulls,"hitch.
"tow-types" or a few other terms. For the sake of thisMost of the bumper pull trailers are designed to put
article, I'll use the term, "bumper pull" because it bestabout 10% of the total weight on the hitch ball. Putting
describes the hitch location.that much weight on a hitch 3-4 feet behind the axle
Now that we understand the terms, let's look at theworks as a lever to lift the front of the truck. A good
basic differences between the two. The most obviousweight equalization hitch becomes extremely important
difference is where the trailer is hooked up to the towas the size of the trailer moves into the medium or
vehicle. The hitch for the bumper pull is, of course,large sizes.
located at or near the rear bumper of the tow vehicle.The fifth-wheel trailer is designed to put about 15% of
The fifth-wheel hitch is located in the truck bed overthe total weight onto the hitch pin which is over the
the rear axle.truck axle. That amount of weight, by itself, requires a
The first thing that becomes apparent is that youheavier-duty truck.
won't be using a car to tow a fifth-wheel trailer. TheSo, where does that leave you? If you already have a
location of that hitch requires a truck. The bumper pull3/4-ton truck or larger, your choices are pretty wide
trailer can be towed by either a car or a truck.open. It comes down to which floor plan and price
There's another factor about the fifth-wheel trailer thatrange work best for you.
requires that a truck be used as a tow vehicle. TheIf, on the other hand, you have a car or a small pickup
design of the fifth-wheel frame is such that it tends totruck, you're pretty much limited to a smaller bumper
be heavier than that required for a bumper pull trailer.pull trailer. Most of the cars and small pickups are
That additional weight needs the strength only a trucklimited to trailers weighing 3,500 pounds or less. Trailers
can provide.that light aren't going to offer a lot in the way of
So, why do people choose one over the other? Onecreature comforts. At the same time, they do offer an
reason is the size of the unit. The longer a trailer is, theinexpensive entry point into the wonderful world of RV
more likely it is to be designed as a fifth-wheel. Thetravel.
smaller it is, the more likely it is to be a bumper pullIt all comes down to where you are and where you
design.want to be in the grand scheme of things. The tow
The main issue here is the stability of the trailer whenvehicle will dictate the size and style of trailer you are
it's being towed. The pivot point (the hitch) of a bumperable to safely pull. If you want to pull something bigger,
pull trailer is a few feet behind the axle of the towyou'll need to upgrade your tow vehicle.
vehicle. This can cause the trailer to exert leverage onThe other main factor is, of course, your budget. It's
the truck. The longer units need a good anti-sway hitchtrue that you can save a lot of money on your
to keep the truck and trailer under control if you're hitvacation travel if you travel light with a tent or, even, a
with side winds.pop-up tent trailer. Because hotel and restaurant costs
The pivot point for the fifth-wheel hitch is over the axlecan add up pretty fast, camping can be a real bargain.
of the truck. There's no way the trailer can exertHowever, there comes a point where you're no longer
leverage on the truck if a gust of wind hits it. That iscamping to save money. You're camping because you
the main reason why the longer trailers tend to bereally enjoy the RV lifestyle. Let's face it, a new 3
fifth-wheel units.4-ton truck with a matching fifth-wheel trailer can easily
Another factor in the choice is the cost. Theapproach $80,000 - $100,000! You can't camp enough
fifth-wheel units tend to be more expensive than ato save that much money!
bumper pull trailer of the same size. That's why mostSo, as for the question of fifth-wheel vs. bumper pull,
of the smaller, less-expensive units are bumper pull's.the bottom line is this: how much are you willing to
They're lighter and less expensive to produce.spend? Most of the bumper pull units are at the low
There's a huge difference in the amount of livingend to the mid-point of the scale. Most of the
space you get for every foot of space the trailerfifth-wheel units will start from the mid-point and range
takes up on the road or in the camp ground. A bumperup through the high end of that same scale.
pull trailer that is 30 feet long will give you about 25-26Where are you and where do you want to be?